Uniqua's+Definitions

__apostrophe:__ Words that are spoken to a person who is absent or imaginary, or to an object or abstract idea. The poem God's World by Edna St. Vincent Millay begins with an apostrophe: “O World, I cannot hold thee close enough!/Thy winds, thy wide grey skies!/Thy mists that roll and rise!” __personification:__ A figure of speech in which things or abstract ideas are given human attributes: //dead leaves dance in the wind, blind justice.// __synesthesia:__ A rhetorical trope involving shifts in imagery. It involves taking one type of sensory input (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) and comingling it with another separate sense in an impossible way. __hyberbole:__ A figure of speech in which deliberate exaggeration is used for emphasis. Many everyday expressions are examples of hyperbole: //tons of money, waiting for ages, a flood of tears,// etc. Hyperbole is the opposite of litotes. __understatement:__ a form of speech in which a lesser expression is used than what would be expected __litotes:__ A figure of speech in which a positive is stated by negating its opposite. Some examples of litotes: //no small victory, not a bad idea, not unhappy.// Litotes is the opposite of hyperbole. __metonymy:__ Using a vaguely suggestive, physical object to embody a more general idea. The term //**metonym**// also applies to the object itself used to suggest that more general idea. __synecdoche:__ A figure of speech in which a part is used to designate the whole or the whole is used to designate a part. For example, the phrase “all hands on deck” means “all men on deck,” not just their hands. The reverse situation, in which the whole is used for a part, occurs in the sentence “The U.S. beat Russia in the final game,” where the U.S. and Russia stand for “the U.S. team” and “the Russian team,” respectively. __paradox:__ Using contradiction in a manner that oddly makes sense on a deeper level. Common paradoxes seem to reveal a deeper truth through their contradictions __allusion:__ A casual reference in literature to a person, place, event, or another passage of literature, often without explicit identification. __metaphor:__ A figure of speech in which two things are compared, usually by saying one thing is another, or by substituting a more descriptive word for the more common or usual word that would be expected. Some examples of metaphors: //the world's a stage, he was a lion in battle, drowning in debt,// and //a sea of troubles.// __simile:__ A figure of speech in which two things are compared using the word “like” or “as.” An example of a simile using //like// occurs in Langston Hughes's poem “Harlem”: “What happens to a dream deferred?/ Does it dry up/ like a raisin in the sun?” __implied metaphor: analogy:__ The modification of grammatical usage from the desire for uniformity. For instance, a child who states, "I broked the toy" or a man who says "I knowed the truth" is merely attempting to regularize the past tense of these verbs through linguistic analogy
 * Chapter 5 Terms**